Network Packet Broker (NPB) sauyawa ne kamar na'urar sadarwar da ke girma daga na'urori masu ɗaukar nauyi zuwa 1U da 2U naúrar harsashi zuwa manyan lokuta da tsarin allo.Ba kamar sauyawa ba, NPB ba ya canza zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar da ke bi ta kowace hanya sai an ba da umarni a sarari.NPB na iya karɓar zirga-zirga akan hanyar sadarwa ɗaya ko fiye, yin wasu ayyuka da aka riga aka ƙayyade akan wannan zirga-zirga, sannan fitar da shi zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da musaya.
Ana kiran waɗannan sau da yawa a matsayin kowane-zuwa-kowa, da yawa-zuwa-kowa, da kowane-zuwa-yawan taswirar tashar jiragen ruwa.Ayyukan da za'a iya aiwatarwa sun bambanta daga sauƙi, kamar turawa ko watsar da zirga-zirga, zuwa hadaddun, kamar tace bayanai a sama da Layer 5 don gano wani taro.Hanyoyin sadarwa akan NPB na iya zama haɗin kebul na jan karfe, amma yawanci SFP/SFP + da firam ɗin QSFP ne, waɗanda ke ba masu amfani damar amfani da nau'ikan kafofin watsa labarai da saurin bandwidth.An gina fasalin fasalin NPB akan ka'idar haɓaka ingantaccen kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwa, musamman saka idanu, bincike, da kayan aikin tsaro.
Wadanne ayyuka ne Broker Fakitin Sadarwar ke samarwa?
Ƙarfin NPB yana da yawa kuma yana iya bambanta dangane da nau'i da samfurin na'urar, kodayake duk wani wakilin fakitin da ya cancanci gishirin sa zai so ya sami babban saiti na iya aiki.Yawancin NPB (mafi yawan NPB) ayyuka a OSI layers 2 zuwa 4.
Gabaɗaya, zaku iya samun waɗannan fasalulluka akan NPB na L2-4: zirga-zirga (ko takamaiman sassansa) juyawa, tace zirga-zirga, kwafin zirga-zirga, ɓata yarjejeniya, slicing fakiti (truncation), farawa ko ƙare ka'idodin ramin hanyar sadarwa daban-daban, da kuma daidaita nauyin kaya don zirga-zirga.Kamar yadda aka zata, NPB na L2-4 na iya tace VLAN, alamun MPLS, adiresoshin MAC (tushen da manufa), adiresoshin IP (tushen da manufa), tashoshin TCP da UDP (tushen da manufa), har ma da tutocin TCP, da ICMP, SCTP, da zirga-zirgar ARP.Wannan ba wata alama ce da za a yi amfani da ita ba, sai dai tana ba da ra'ayi na yadda NPB ke aiki a layi na 2 zuwa 4 zai iya rarrabewa da gano hanyoyin zirga-zirga.Muhimmin abin da abokan ciniki yakamata su nema a cikin NPB shine jirgin baya mara toshewa.
Fakitin hanyar sadarwa Dillalan yana buƙatar samun damar saduwa da cikakken kayan aikin zirga-zirgar kowane tashar jiragen ruwa akan na'urar.A cikin tsarin chassis, haɗin kai tare da jirgin baya dole ne kuma ya sami damar saduwa da cikakken nauyin zirga-zirgar abubuwan da aka haɗa.Idan NPB ta sauke fakitin, waɗannan kayan aikin ba za su sami cikakkiyar fahimtar hanyar sadarwa ba.
Kodayake yawancin NPB sun dogara ne akan ASIC ko FPGA, saboda tabbacin aikin sarrafa fakiti, zaku sami yawancin haɗin kai ko CPUs masu karɓa (ta hanyar kayayyaki).Mylinking™ Network Packet Brokers(NPB) sun dogara ne akan maganin ASIC.Wannan yawanci siffa ce da ke ba da aiki mai sassauƙa don haka ba za a iya yin shi kawai a cikin kayan masarufi ba.Waɗannan sun haɗa da ƙaddamar da fakiti, tambarin lokaci, ɓarnawar SSL/TLS, binciken maɓalli, da binciken magana na yau da kullun.Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa aikinsa ya dogara da aikin CPU.(Alal misali, binciken maganganu na yau da kullun na ƙirar iri ɗaya na iya haifar da sakamako daban-daban dangane da nau'in zirga-zirga, ƙimar daidaitawa, da bandwidth), don haka ba shi da sauƙi a tantance kafin aiwatar da ainihin.
Idan an kunna fasalulluka masu dogaro da CPU, sun zama ƙayyadaddun abu a cikin aikin NPB gabaɗaya.Zuwan cpus da kwakwalwan kwamfuta masu sauyawa, irin su Cavium Xpliant, Barefoot Tofino da Innovium Teralynx, suma sun kafa tushen fa'idodin fakitin fakitin cibiyar sadarwa na gaba-gaba, Waɗannan rukunin masu aiki na iya ɗaukar zirga-zirga sama da L4 (sau da yawa ana magana da su. a matsayin wakilan fakitin L7).Daga cikin abubuwan ci-gaba da aka ambata a sama, keyword da bincike na yau da kullun sune kyawawan misalai na iyawar zamani na gaba.Ikon bincika fakitin biyan kuɗi yana ba da dama don tace zirga-zirga a matakan zaman da aikace-aikacen, kuma yana ba da iko mafi kyau akan hanyar sadarwa mai tasowa fiye da L2-4.
Ta yaya Fakitin Sadarwar Sadarwar ya dace da abubuwan more rayuwa?
Ana iya shigar da NPB cikin kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwa ta hanyoyi guda biyu:
1- Layin layi
2-Bare-band.
Kowace hanya tana da fa'idodi da rashin amfani kuma tana ba da damar sarrafa zirga-zirga ta hanyoyin da sauran hanyoyin ba za su iya ba.Dillalin fakitin hanyar sadarwa na layi yana da zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa na lokaci-lokaci wanda ke ratsa na'urar akan hanyarta zuwa inda take.Wannan yana ba da damar sarrafa zirga-zirga a ainihin lokacin.Misali, lokacin ƙara, gyaggyarawa, ko share alamun VLAN ko canza adireshin IP na alkibla, ana kwafin zirga-zirga zuwa hanyar haɗin yanar gizo na biyu.A matsayin hanyar layi, NPB kuma na iya ba da sakewa ga sauran kayan aikin layi, kamar IDS, IPS, ko Tacewar wuta.NPB na iya sa ido kan matsayin irin waɗannan na'urori kuma a ƙwaƙƙwaran sake sake hanyar zirga-zirga zuwa jiran aiki mai zafi a yanayin rashin nasara.
Yana ba da babban sassauci a cikin yadda ake sarrafa zirga-zirga da yin kwafi zuwa na'urorin sa ido da yawa da tsaro ba tare da shafar hanyar sadarwa ta ainihi ba.Hakanan yana ba da hangen nesa na hanyar sadarwa da ba a taɓa ganin irinsa ba kuma yana tabbatar da cewa duk na'urori sun karɓi kwafin zirga-zirgar da ake buƙata don ɗaukar nauyinsu yadda yakamata.Ba wai kawai yana tabbatar da cewa sa ido, tsaro, da kayan aikin bincike suna samun zirga-zirgar da suke buƙata ba, har ma da cewa hanyar sadarwar ku tana da tsaro.Hakanan yana tabbatar da cewa na'urar ba ta cinye albarkatu akan zirga-zirgar da ba'a so ba.Wataƙila mai nazarin hanyar sadarwar ku baya buƙatar yin rikodin zirga-zirgar ajiyar waje saboda yana ɗaukar sararin diski mai mahimmanci yayin ajiyar.Ana iya tace waɗannan abubuwa cikin sauƙi daga na'urar tantancewa yayin adana duk sauran zirga-zirgar kayan aiki.Wataƙila kana da gabaɗayan rukunin yanar gizon da kake son ɓoyewa daga wani tsarin;sake, ana sauƙin cire wannan akan tashar fitarwa da aka zaɓa.A zahiri, NPB guda ɗaya na iya aiwatar da wasu hanyoyin haɗin kan layi yayin sarrafa sauran zirga-zirgar ababen hawa.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris-09-2022
