Mafi yawan kayan aiki na yau da kullun don saka idanu da kuma matsala a yau mai duba tashar jiragen ruwa (span), wanda kuma aka sani da tashar jiragen ruwa. Yana ba mu damar saka idanu kan zirga-zirgar ababen hawa a cikin yanayin bandaya daga cikin kayan aikin da ke cikin gida, kuma yana tura kwafin zirga-zirga a cikin cibiyar kula da gida, kuma yana tura kwafin zirga-zira a cikin gida mai nisa, kuma yana aika kayan aikin kula da kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwa.
Wasu nau'ikan amfani sune:
• Matsalar cibiyar sadarwa ta matsala ta hanyar bin diddigin tsari / Frames bayanai;
• Bincika latenze da Jitter ta hanyar lura da voip fakiti;
• Yi nazarin latenzy ta hanyar sa ido kan huldar cibiyar sadarwa;
• gano nassalies ta hanyar sa ido kan zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa.
Harkokin sarin da aka yiwa gidajen yanar gizo a cikin wasu tashoshin su a kan na'urar tushe guda, ko kuma suna nuna alama ga wasu na'urorin cibiyar sadarwa kusa da Layer 2 daga cikin tushen basira (rpan).
A yau za mu yi magana game da fasahar sa ido ta hanyar Intanet ta Intanet na Nesa ERSPAN (Verafazed Livelopsulated baya na tashar jiragen ruwa na Motsa) wanda za'a iya watsa shi a cikin yadudduka uku na IP uku. Wannan fadada ce ta spena don in ji shi.
Babban aiki na asali na ERSPAN
Da farko, bari mu duba fasalin Erspan:
• Kwafin fakiti daga tashar masoya an aika zuwa uwar garken makoma don wucewa ta hanyar layin jere na jere (gre). Ba a taƙaita wurin zama na sabar ba.
• Tare da taimakon filin mai amfani (UDF) na guntu, kowane kere da aka yi da aka yi ne don gano abubuwan da ke tattare da tsarin, kamar mahimman kayan kwalliya na TCP uku da zaman Haske;
• Tallafawa Tsarin Samfura;
• Goyi bayan tsawan fakiti (fakiti slicing), rage matsin lamba a kan uwar garken manufa.
Tare da waɗannan siffofin, zaku iya ganin dalilin da yasa ERSPAN mahimmin kayan aiki ne mai mahimmanci don lura da hanyoyin sadarwa a cikin cibiyoyin bayanai a yau.
Za a iya taƙaita ayyukan babban aikin Erspan a fannoni biyu:
Ganuwa Zama: Yi amfani da ERSPan don tattara duk sabon ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa kai tsaye (RDMI) zuwa uwar garken ƙarshen baya don bayyana;
Shirya matsala na cibiyar sadarwa: Kulawa da zirga-zirgar ababen cibiyar sadarwa don bincike na kuskure lokacin da matsalar cibiyar sadarwa ta faru.
Don yin wannan, na'urar cibiyar sadarwar cibiyar buƙata tana buƙatar tace zirga-zirgar sha'awa ga mai amfani daga matattara mai amfani da shi a cikin "Superframe. Bugu da ƙari, ba da damar karɓar na'urar don cirewa kuma cikakken dawo da asalin zirga-zirga mai kulawa.
Na'urar karɓa ta iya zama wani sabar da ke tallafawa fakiti na Erspan.
Nau'in erspan da tsarin bincike
Fackets na Erspan ana ba da shi ta amfani da shi da kuma tura shi zuwa duk inda ake girmamawa na IP a kan Ethernet. A halin yanzu an yi amfani da ERSPAN akan cibiyoyin IPV4, da kuma tallafin IPV6 zai zama buƙatu a gaba.
Ga tsarin Elipsulation na gaba ɗaya na ERSPN, mai zuwa shine babban fashin madubi na ICPP fakiti:
Yarjejeniyar ERSPAN ta ci gaba cikin dogon lokaci, kuma tare da haɓaka karfin ta, an kafa sigogin da yawa, da ake kira "erspan iri". Nau'ikan daban-daban suna da nau'ikan tsarin kai daban-daban.
An bayyana shi a filin fasalin na farko na taken Erspan:
Bugu da kari, filin daidaitaccen filin a cikin babban taken kuma yana nuna nau'in na ciki Erspan. Filin Mulkin na 9x88, yana nuna nau'in Erspan II, da 0x22eban yana nuna nau'in erspan na III.
1. Rubuta i
Tsarin erspan na nau'in na encapsulases Ip kuma ya yi kai tsaye akan taken na zahiri firam. Wannan encapsulation yana ƙara 38 bytes akan asalin firam: 14 (Mac) + 20 (IP) + 4 (Gre). Amfanin wannan tsari shine cewa yana da girman kai tsaye kuma yana rage farashin watsa. Koyaya, saboda yana saita tutar tuta da filayen fasalin zuwa 0, ba ya ɗaukar filayen filayen da aka shimfida, don haka babu buƙatar faɗad da ƙari.
Tsarin nau'in Head na Nau'in Na kasance kamar haka:
2. Rubuta II
A cikin nau'in II, C, R, K, s, recur, flags, da filayen version a cikin header sun kasance duka duka (ban da s filin. Saboda haka, ana nuna filin lambar lamba a cikin babban taken nau'in II. Wato, buga II na iya tabbatar da odar samun karɓar fakiti masu girma, saboda kada a iya rarrabasu sosai saboda laifin cibiyar sadarwa.
Game da Heorth Tsarin nau'in II kamar haka:
Bugu da kari, da nau'in tsarin II na II yana ƙara taken 8-byte Espan tsakanin Heerpan da kuma firam ɗin na asali.
Tsarin Headpan don nau'in II shine kamar haka:
A ƙarshe, nan da nan bi ainihin hoton firam, shine daidaitaccen ma'aunin cycternying na 4-byte Ethernynet duba (CRC) lambar.
Ya dace a lura da cewa a cikin aiwatarwa, firam ɗin madubi bai ƙunshi filin FCS na asali na asali ba, maimakon a maimakon sabon darajar CRC yana haɗuwa dangane da duka ERSPAN. Wannan yana nufin cewa na'urar karɓa ba ta iya tabbatar da CRC daidai na ainihin tsarin, kuma za mu iya ɗauka kawai cewa kawai Frames ne kawai ba su da matsala.
3. Rubuta III
Type III yana gabatar da mafi girma kuma mafi sassauci mai sauƙaƙe don magance yanayin aikin cibiyar sadarwa da bambancin ra'ayi, haɗi da ganowa, aiki da ƙari. Wadannan al'amuran suna buƙatar sanin duk sigogi na asali na firam ɗin madubi kuma sun haɗa da waɗanda ba na asali ba ne.
Hasumiyar ERSPan ta hada da wajibi a kan wajibi 12-byte da wani zaɓi 8-Tangon dandamali na takamaiman yanki.
Tsarin Heaterpan don nau'in III kamar haka:
Kuma, bayan ainihin firam na ainihi shine 4-byte CRC.
Kamar yadda za a iya gani daga tsarin kai na nau'in III, ban da riƙe ver, VLAN, COS, an ƙara filayen ID na musamman, kamar:
• BSI: Amfani da shi don nuna nauyin nauyin bayanan bayanan da aka ɗauka ta hanyar ERSPAN. 00 kyakkyawan firam, 11 mummunan abu ne, 01 shine ɗan gajeren firam, 11 babban firam ne;
Lokacin Timestamp: wanda aka fitar dashi daga agogon kayan aiki tare da lokacin. Wannan filin na 32-bit yana goyan bayan aƙalla micrroseconds 100 na gungume na lokaci;
• Nau'in nau'in (p) da nau'in firam (ft): An yi amfani da tsohon.
• HW ID: gano asalin gano asalin erspan a cikin tsarin;
• Gratularfafa Grasularity): Yana ƙayyade ƙimar lokacin timestamp. Misali, 00B wakiltar microsecond Fiolulular 100, 01B 100 NANOSCOND Granularity, 0b Iee 1588 Granularity, da 11b na bukatar takamaiman mahimman takardu don cimma mafi girma.
• Platf ID vs. takamaiman bayani: Musamman faifan bayani na Planta suna da tsari daban-daban da abin da ke ciki dangane da darajar Id.
Ya kamata a lura cewa filayen da aka tallafa a sama ana iya amfani da su a aikace-aikacen yau da kullun na yau da kullun, har ma da Frames na Mirshi, yayin da ke riƙe da keɓaɓɓun kunshin da aka fara. Bugu da kari, za a iya ƙara wasu filayen lokacin da filayen bayanai a kowane firam ɗin erspan yayin madawwami.
Tare da taken Erspan ne, zamu iya cimma ƙarin zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa, sannan kawai a rufe ACL mai dacewa a cikin tsarin hanyoyin sadarwar da muke da sha'awar.
Alamar Erspan Rdma Zango
Bari mu dauki misali na amfani da fasaha ta ERSPAN don cimma nasarar RDMA Zuwa a cikin yanayin rdma:
RDMI: Samun damar ƙwaƙwalwa madaidaiciya yana ba da lambar uwar garken cibiyar sadarwa a don karanta da kuma rubuta ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar uwar garke (allura) da kuma sauya ƙasa, ƙarancin lowy, da ƙarancin amfani. Ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin manyan bayanai da babban aikin da aka rarraba yanayin ajiya.
Racev2: RDMA kan Verennet Verennet Verennet 2. Ana kiyaye bayanan RDMA a cikin Shugaban UDP. Lambar tashar jiragen ruwa ta mako 4791.
Aiki da Kulawa na RDMA na buƙatar tattara bayanai da yawa, wanda ake amfani da shi don tattara layin ruwa na yau da kullun da marigayi mara kyau, da kuma tushen matsalolin mara kyau. A haɗe tare da ERSPAN, za a iya kama bayanai masu girma da sauri don samun microsecond isar da ingancin bayanai da matsayin ma'amala na yarjejeniya da matsayin ma'amala na canzawa guntu. Ta hanyar ƙididdigar bayanai da bincike, ana iya samun tsinkaye na isar da ingancin ingancin ingancin ingancin ƙima da hasashen.
Don cimma burin na zaman, muna buƙatar ERSPan don daidaita kalmomin shiga na RDMA, muna buƙatar yin amfani da mahaɗan tsararrun jerin.
Jerin Kwararre
UDF ta ƙunshi fannoni biyar: filin UDF, filin filin, filin da aka kashe, filin darajar, da filin mashin. Litai iyaka da damar shigarwar kayan aiki, za a iya amfani da jimlar UDF takwas. Daya UDF na iya dacewa da mafi yawan abubuwan biyu.
• edf keyword: UDF1 ... UDF8 ya ƙunshi kalmomi takwas na yankin da ya dace da yankin UDF
• Filin Goge: Gano farkon filin da ya dace. Mai zuwa
L4_Eherder (zartar ga rg-s6520-64cq)
L5_HEMER (don rg-s6510-48vs8cq)
• Kashewa: Yana nuna abubuwan da aka gabatar dangane da filin tushe. Darajar ta daga 0 zuwa 126
• filin darajar: darajar daidai. Ana iya amfani da shi tare da filin mashin don saita takamaiman darajar da za a dace. Mafi kyawun bit shine biyu
• filin fuska: Mask
(Addara: Idan ana amfani da masu amfani da yawa a cikin filin da ya dace na UDF, gindin da filayen da aka kera su zama iri ɗaya.)
Packets biyu masu alaƙa da matsayin RDME suna da alaƙa da yanayin wasan kwaikwayon Faɗakarwa (CNP) da kuma sanarwa na ban tsoro (nak):
Mai rikodin ne da mai karbar rdma bayan karbar sakon ECN (lokacin da yake dauke da kara), wanda ya ƙunshi bayani game da kwarara ko qp haifar da cunkoso. Ana amfani da wannan na don nuna alamar rahoton Rdma yana da saƙon isar da asarar fakiti.
Bari mu kalli yadda ake dacewa da waɗannan saƙonnin guda biyu ta amfani da jerin abubuwan da aka tsara.
Jerin mai sarrafa Masana'antu
Izinin UDP kowane nau'in eq 4791Udf 1 L4_Eherder 8 0x8100 0xff00(Wanda ya dace da rg-s6520-64cq)
Izinin UDP kowane nau'in eq 4791Udf 1 L5_efer 0 0x8100 0xff00(Matching rg-s6510-48vs8cq)
Jerin mai sarrafa Masana'antu
Izinin UDP kowane nau'in eq 4791Udf 1 L4_Eherder 8 0x1100 0xff00 UDF 2 L4_HERHERTER 20 L4_HERHED 20(Wanda ya dace da rg-s6520-64cq)
Izinin UDP kowane nau'in eq 4791Udf 1 l5_Ehhed 0 0xar 0 0x1100 0xff00 Udf 2 L5_header 12 0x6000 0xff00(Matching rg-s6510-48vs8cq)
A matsayinka na karshe, zaka iya hango wani wurin aikin RDM ta hanyar hawa jerin gwanon tsararren cikin tsarin Erspan da suka dace.
Rubuta a cikin na ƙarshe
Erspan yana ɗaya daga cikin kayan aikin da ba makawa a cikin cibiyoyin sadarwa na yau, kuma ƙara yawan zirga-zirgar cibiyar sadarwa da buƙatun sadarwa.
Tare da kara digiri na O & M kamar Netconf, tsawarwar, da Grpconf sun shahara tsakanin ɗaliban O da M a cikin cibiyar sadarwa ta atomatik O & M. Amfani da GrPC a matsayin Protocol don aika da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa kuma yana da fa'idodi da yawa. Misali, ya danganta da yarjejeniya HTTP / 2, zai iya tallafa wa tsarin turɓewa a karkashin wannan haɗin. Tare da allon kafa, ana rage girman bayanan da rabi idan aka kwatanta da tsarin JSON, yin watsa labarai da sauri kuma mafi inganci. Kawai tunanin, idan kun yi amfani da ERSPAN zuwa maɓallin bincike sannan a aika da iyawa da ingancin cibiyar sadarwa ta atomatik aiki da tabbatarwa?
Lokaci: Mayu-10-2022
