Babban bambanci tsakanin ɗaukar fakiti ta amfani da tashar TAP ta hanyar sadarwa da SPAN.
Port Mirroring(wanda kuma aka sani da SPAN)
Taɓa hanyar sadarwa(wanda kuma aka sani da Replication Tap, Aggregation Tap, Active Tap, Copper Tap, Ethernet Tap, da sauransu)TAP (Tsarin Samun Tasha)cikakkiyar na'urar kayan aiki ce, wacce za ta iya kama zirga-zirga a kan hanyar sadarwa. Ana yawan amfani da shi don saka idanu kan zirga-zirga tsakanin maki biyu a cikin hanyar sadarwa. Idan hanyar sadarwa tsakanin waɗannan maki biyu ta ƙunshi kebul na zahiri, TAP cibiyar sadarwa na iya zama hanya mafi kyau don kama zirga-zirga.
Kafin bayyana bambance-bambance tsakanin mafita guda biyu (Port Mirror da Network Tap), yana da mahimmanci a fahimci yadda Ethernet ke aiki. A 100Mbit da sama, runduna yawanci magana a cikin cikakken duplex, ma'ana cewa mai watsa shiri zai iya aikawa (Tx) da karɓa (Rx) a lokaci guda. Wannan yana nufin cewa akan kebul na Mbit 100 da aka haɗa da runduna ɗaya, jimillar zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwar da mai watsa shiri zai iya aikawa/ karɓa (Tx/Rx)) shine 2 × 100 Mbit = 200 Mbit.
Madubin tashar tashar jiragen ruwa shine kwafin fakiti mai aiki, wanda ke nufin cewa na'urar hanyar sadarwa tana da alhakin kwafin fakitin zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa mai madubi.
Kama Traffic: TAP vs SPAN
Lokacin sa ido kan zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa, idan ba kwa son aiwatar da tallafi kai tsaye yayin da mai amfani ke sarrafa ma'amala, kuna da manyan zaɓuɓɓuka biyu. A cikin labarin mai zuwa, za mu ba da bayyani na TAP (Test Access Point) da SPAN (Switch Port Analyzer). Don zurfafa bincike, ƙwararren ƙwararren fakiti Timo'Neill yana da labarai da yawa a lovemytool.com waɗanda ke da cikakkun bayanai, amma a nan, za mu ɗauki ƙarin tsari na gaba ɗaya.
SPAN
Madubin tashar tashar jiragen ruwa hanya ce ta sa ido kan zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar tura kwafin kowane fakiti mai shigowa da/ko mai fita daga ɗaya ko fiye da tashar jiragen ruwa (ko VLans) na sauyawa zuwa wata tashar jiragen ruwa da aka haɗa da na'urar tantance zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da tanda a cikin mafi sauƙi tsarin don saka idanu da yawa shafuka lokaci guda. Matsakaicin adadin watsawar hanyar sadarwa yana iya saka idanu ya dogara da inda aka shigar da SPAN dangane da kayan aikin cibiyar bayanai. Wataƙila za ku sami abin da kuke nema, amma yana da sauƙi ku sami kanku da bayanai masu yawa. Misali, yana yiwuwa a sami kwafin bayanai iri ɗaya a cikin VLAN gaba ɗaya. Wannan yana sa matsalar matsalar LAN ta fi wahala, sannan kuma tana shafar saurin cpus ko kuma yana shafar Ethernet ta hanyar gano wuri. Ainihin, yawan tazarar, mafi kusantar shine asarar fakiti. Idan aka kwatanta da famfo, ana iya sarrafa tazarar nesa, wanda ke nufin ƙarancin lokacin da ake kashewa don canza saiti, amma har yanzu ana buƙatar injiniyoyin cibiyar sadarwa.
Tashar jiragen ruwa na SPAN ba fasaha ce mai wuce gona da iri ba, kamar yadda wasu ke da'awar, saboda suna iya samun wasu tasirin da ake iya aunawa akan zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa, gami da:
- Lokaci don canza hulɗar firam
- Zubar da fakiti saboda yawan dubawa
- An jefar da fakitin lalata ba tare da sanarwa ba, yana hana bincike
Sabili da haka, tashar jiragen ruwa na SPAN sun fi dacewa da yanayi inda fakitin fakiti ba su shafi bincike ba, ko kuma inda aka yi la'akari da farashi.
TAP
Sabanin haka, famfo na buƙatar kashe kuɗi akan kayan aikin gaba, amma ba sa buƙatar saiti mai yawa. Lalle ne, tun da suna m, ana iya haɗa su kuma cire su daga hanyar sadarwar ba tare da tasiri ba. Taps na'urorin hardware ne waɗanda ke ba da hanyar samun damar shiga bayanan da ke gudana ta hanyar sadarwar kwamfuta kuma galibi ana amfani da su don tsaro na cibiyar sadarwa da dalilai na sa ido. Hanyoyin da aka sanya ido ana kiran su "pass-through" zirga-zirga kuma tashar da ake amfani da shi don kulawa ana kiranta "porting port". Don bincika hanyar sadarwar a sarari, ana iya sanya famfo a tsakanin masu amfani da hanyar sadarwa da masu sauyawa.
Saboda TAP baya shafar fakiti, ana iya kallonta azaman hanyar da ta dace don duba zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa.
Akwai ainihin nau'ikan mafita na TAP guda uku:
- Mai raba hanyar sadarwa (1: 1)
- Tarin TAP (multi: 1)
- Sabunta TAP (1 : da yawa)
TAP tana kwafin zirga-zirga zuwa kayan aikin sa ido guda ɗaya, ko zuwa na'urar fakitin cibiyar sadarwa mai girma, kuma tana hidima da yawa (sau da yawa) kayan aikin gwaji na QOS, kayan aikin sa ido na hanyar sadarwa, da kayan aikin saƙo na cibiyar sadarwa kamar wayashark.
Bugu da kari, nau'ikan TAP sun bambanta dangane da nau'in kebul, gami da fiber TAP da gigabit jan karfe TAP, duka biyu suna aiki da gaske iri ɗaya ta hanyar saukar da sashin siginar zuwa mai nazarin zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa, yayin da babban ƙirar ke ci gaba da watsawa ba tare da katsewa ba. Don TAP fiber, shine a raba katako gida biyu, yayin da a cikin tsarin kebul na jan karfe, shine maimaita siginar lantarki.
Kwatanta TAP da SPAN
Na farko, tashar SPAN ba ta dace da hanyar haɗin 1G mai cikakken duplex ba, kuma ko da ƙasa da iyakar ƙarfinta, yana saurin sauke fakiti saboda an yi masa nauyi, ko kuma kawai saboda canjin yana fifita kwanakin tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa na yau da kullun akan bayanan tashar jiragen ruwa na SPAN. Ba kamar famfo na cibiyar sadarwa ba, tashar jiragen ruwa na SPAN suna tace kurakuran Layer na zahiri, suna sa wasu nau'ikan bincike sun fi wahala, kuma kamar yadda muka gani, lokutan ƙarar kuskure da canza firam na iya haifar da wasu matsaloli. A gefe guda, TAP na iya sarrafa hanyar haɗin 1G mai cikakken duplex.
Hakanan TAP na iya yin cikakken kama fakiti da yin bincike mai zurfi na fakiti don ka'idoji, take hakki, kutse, da sauransu. Don haka, ana iya amfani da bayanan TAP azaman shaida a kotu, yayin da bayanan tashar jiragen ruwa na SPAN ba za su iya ba.
Tsaro wani bangare ne da ake samun bambance-bambance tsakanin fasahohin biyu. Yawancin lokaci ana saita tashoshin jiragen ruwa na SPAN don sadarwa ta hanya ɗaya, amma kuma suna iya karɓar sadarwa a wasu lokuta, suna haifar da mummunan rauni. Sabanin haka, TAP ba ta da adireshin IP kuma ba shi da adireshin IP, don haka ba za a iya kutse shi ba.
Tashar jiragen ruwa na SPAN yawanci ba sa wuce alamun VLAN, wanda zai iya yin wahalar gano gazawar VLAN, amma famfo ba zai iya ganin duk hanyar sadarwar VLAN gaba ɗaya ba. Idan ba a yi amfani da tara tarin famfo ba, TAP ba zai samar da alama iri ɗaya ga tashoshi biyu ba, amma dole ne a kula tare da gano overage. Akwai tarin famfo, irin su Booster for Profitap, wanda ke tara tashoshin 10/100/1G guda takwas a cikin fitowar 1G-10G.
Booster yana iya shigar da fakiti ta saka alamun VLAN. Ta wannan hanyar, za a tura bayanan tashar tashar jiragen ruwa na kowane fakiti zuwa ga mai nazari.
Tashar jiragen ruwa na SPAN har yanzu kayan aiki ne waɗanda masu gudanar da hanyar sadarwa za su yi amfani da su, amma idan saurin da amintaccen damar shiga duk bayanan cibiyar sadarwa suna da mahimmanci, TAP shine mafi kyawun zaɓi. Lokacin yanke shawarar hanyar da za a ɗauka, tashar jiragen ruwa na SPAN sun fi dacewa da cibiyoyin sadarwa tare da ƙarancin amfani, tunda fakitin da suka ɓace ba su shafi bincike ba ko kuma zaɓi ne a lokuta inda farashin ke da damuwa. Koyaya, akan cibiyoyin sadarwa masu yawan zirga-zirga, ƙarfin TAP, tsaro, da amincin za su samar da cikakkiyar ganuwa cikin zirga-zirgar kan hanyar sadarwar ku ba tare da tsoron asarar fakiti ko tace kurakuran Layer na zahiri ba.
○ Ganuwa cikakke
○ Maimaita duk zirga-zirga (duk fakiti na kowane girma da iri)
○ M, mara tsangwama (ba ya canza bayanai)
○ A cikin jerin, ba a yi amfani da tashar jiragen ruwa mai sauyawa don yin kwafin zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa a cikin kayan aiki Sauƙi saitin (toshe da wasa)
○ Ba shi da rauni ga masu satar bayanai (marasa ganuwa, keɓewar na'urar sa ido daga hanyar sadarwa, babu adireshin IP/MAC)
○ Mai iya daidaitawa
○ Ya dace da kowane yanayi
○ Ganuwa wani bangare
○ Rashin kwafin duk zirga-zirga (zubar da wasu girma da nau'ikan fakiti)
○ Mara amfani (canza lokacin fakiti, haɓaka latency)
○ Yi amfani da tashar tashar jiragen ruwa (kowace tashar ta SPAN tana amfani da tashar sauyawa)
○ Rashin iya sarrafa cikakken sadarwa na duplex (fakitin da aka sauke lokacin da aka yi yawa, na iya yin tsangwama ga aikin sauya sheka)
○ Injiniya suna buƙatar daidaitawa
○ Mara lafiya (Tsarin sa ido wani bangare ne na hanyar sadarwa, matsalolin tsaro masu yuwuwa)
○ Ba a iya daidaitawa
○ Mai yiwuwa ne kawai a wasu yanayi
Wataƙila kuna sha'awar labarin mai alaƙa: Yadda ake Ɗauki Traffic Network? Network Tap vs Port Mirror
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-09-2025
