Mylinking™ Network Fakitin Dillalan Yana goyan bayan Daidaita Load Mai Sauƙi na Hanyar Sadarwa:Ma'auni na ma'auni na Hash algorithm da algorithm na tushen ma'aunin nauyi bisa ga halaye na L2-L7 don tabbatar da cewa zirga-zirgar fitarwa ta tashar jiragen ruwa tana da ƙarfi na daidaita nauyi. Kuma
Mylinking™ Network Fakitin Dillalan Yana goyan bayan Gano Ganewar Motsi na lokaci-lokaci:Goyan bayan tushen "Capture Physical Port (Data Acquisition)", "Packet Feature Description Field (L2 - L7)", da sauran bayanai don ayyana m zirga-zirga tace, domin real-lokaci kama cibiyar sadarwa data zirga-zirga na daban-daban matsayi ganowa, kuma za ta za a adana da real-lokaci data bayan kama da gano a cikin na'urar domin zazzagewa na kara kisa fasali na na'urar bincike ko yin amfani da zurfin bincike na kayan aiki da ganewar asali.
Kuna iya buƙatar sanin menene OSI Model 7 Layers?
Kafin mu nutse cikin ƙirar OSI, muna buƙatar fahimtar wasu mahimman kalmomin sadarwar sadarwar don sauƙaƙe tattaunawa mai zuwa.
Nodes
Kumburi shine kowace na'urar lantarki ta zahiri da aka haɗa da hanyar sadarwa, kamar kwamfuta, bugu, na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, da sauransu. Ana iya haɗa nodes da juna don samar da hanyar sadarwa.
mahada
Hanya hanyar haɗi ce ta zahiri ko ta hankali mai haɗa nodes a cikin hanyar sadarwa, waɗanda ƙila za a iya haɗa su (kamar Ethernet) ko mara waya (kamar WiFi) kuma yana iya zama maƙasudi-zuwa-maki ko multipoint.
Yarjejeniya
Ka'ida ita ce ka'ida don nodes biyu a cikin hanyar sadarwa don musayar bayanai. Waɗannan ƙa'idodin sun bayyana ma'anar syntax, ilimin tauhidi, da aiki tare na canja wurin bayanai.
Cibiyar sadarwa
Cibiyar sadarwa tana nufin tarin na'urori, kamar kwamfutoci, firinta, waɗanda aka ƙera don raba bayanai.
Topology
Topology yana bayyana yadda ake saita nodes da haɗin kai a cikin hanyar sadarwa kuma muhimmin al'amari ne na tsarin cibiyar sadarwa.
Menene samfurin OSI?
The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model an ayyana ta International Organization for Standardization (ISO) da kuma raba kwamfuta cibiyoyin sadarwa zuwa bakwai matakai don taimaka sadarwa tsakanin daban-daban tsarin. Samfurin OSI yana ba da daidaitaccen tsarin gine-gine don tsarin cibiyar sadarwa, ta yadda na'urori daga masana'antun daban-daban za su iya sadarwa tare da juna.
Yadudduka bakwai na samfurin OSI
1. Layer na jiki
Mai alhakin watsa danyen rafukan rafuka, yana bayyana halayen kafofin watsa labarai na zahiri kamar igiyoyi da sigina mara waya. Ana watsa bayanai cikin ragowa a wannan Layer.
2. Layer Data Link Layer
Ana watsa firam ɗin bayanai akan siginar jiki kuma suna da alhakin gano kuskure da sarrafa kwarara. Ana sarrafa bayanan a cikin firam.
3. Layer Network
Ita ce ke da alhakin jigilar fakiti tsakanin cibiyoyin sadarwa biyu ko fiye, sarrafa hanyar sadarwa da magana mai ma'ana. Ana sarrafa bayanai a cikin fakiti.
4. Transport Layer
Yana ba da isar da bayanai na ƙarshe-zuwa-ƙarshen, tabbatar da amincin bayanai da jeri, gami da yarjejeniya da aka ba da umarni TCP da ka'idar UDP maras haɗi. Bayanan yana cikin raka'a na sassan (TCP) ko datagrams (UDP).
5. Zama Layer
Sarrafa zaman tsakanin aikace-aikace, alhakin kafa zaman, kiyayewa, da ƙarewa.
6. Layer Presentation
Karɓar jujjuya tsarin bayanai, ɓoyayyen haruffa, da ɓoyayyen bayanai don tabbatar da cewa za a iya amfani da bayanan daidai ta Layer ɗin aikace-aikacen.
7. Application Layer
Yana ba masu amfani da sabis na cibiyar sadarwa kai tsaye, gami da aikace-aikace da ayyuka daban-daban, kamar HTTP, FTP, SMTP, da sauransu.
Manufar kowane Layer na samfurin OSI da matsalolin da zai yiwu
Layer 1: Layer na jiki
Manufa: Layer na jiki yana damuwa da halayen duk na'urorin jiki da sigina. Yana da alhakin ƙirƙira da kiyaye ainihin haɗin kai tsakanin na'urori.
Shirya matsala:
○Bincika lalacewar igiyoyi da masu haɗawa.
○Tabbatar da aikin da ya dace na kayan aikin jiki.
○Tabbatar da cewa wutar lantarki ta al'ada ce.
Layer 2: Layer Data Link Layer
Manufa: Layer mahada bayanai yana zaune a saman Layer na zahiri kuma yana da alhakin ƙirƙirar firam da gano kuskure.
Shirya matsala:
○Matsalolin farko na farko mai yiwuwa.
○Rashin haɗin kai tsakanin nodes.
○Cunkoson hanyar sadarwa ko karon firam.
Layer 3: Layer Network
Manufa: Layer na cibiyar sadarwa yana da alhakin aika fakiti zuwa adireshin da aka nufa, gudanar da zaɓin hanya.
Shirya matsala:
○Bincika cewa an daidaita masu amfani da hanyar sadarwa da maɓalli daidai.
○Tabbatar cewa an saita adireshin IP daidai.
○Kurakurai-layi na iya shafar aikin wannan Layer.
Layer 4: Layer Transport
Manufa: Layer na sufuri yana tabbatar da ingantaccen watsa bayanai kuma yana kula da rarrabawa da sake tsara bayanai.
Shirya matsala:
○Tabbatar da cewa takaddun shaida (misali, SSL/TLS) ya ƙare.
○Bincika idan Tacewar zaɓi ya toshe tashar da ake buƙata.
○An saita fifikon zirga-zirga daidai.
Layer 5: Layer Zama
Maƙasudi: Layer ɗin zama yana da alhakin kafa, kiyayewa da kuma ƙare zaman don tabbatar da canja wurin bayanai na bidirectional.
Shirya matsala:
○Duba matsayin uwar garken.
○Tabbatar da cewa tsarin aikace-aikacen daidai ne.
○Zama na iya ƙarewa ko faduwa.
Layer 6: Layer Presentation
Manufa: Layer na gabatarwa yana hulɗar da batutuwan tsara bayanai, gami da ɓoyewa da ɓarna.
Shirya matsala:
○Akwai matsala tare da direba ko software?
○Ko tsarin bayanan ya yi daidai.
Layer 7: Layer Layer
Manufa: Layer na aikace-aikacen yana ba da sabis na mai amfani kai tsaye da aikace-aikace iri-iri da ke gudana akan wannan Layer.
Shirya matsala:
○An saita aikace-aikacen daidai.
○Ko mai amfani yana bin hanyar aiki daidai.
Tsarin TCP/IP da bambance-bambancen samfurin OSI
Kodayake samfurin OSI shine ma'auni na sadarwa na cibiyar sadarwa, samfurin TCP/IP shine ma'aunin cibiyar sadarwa da ake amfani da shi a zahiri. Samfurin TCP/IP yana amfani da tsari na matsayi, amma yana da yadudduka huɗu kawai (launi na aikace-aikacen, Layer na sufuri, Layer Network, da Layer link), wanda ya dace da juna kamar haka:
Layer aikace-aikacen OSI <--> Layer aikace-aikacen TCP/IP
OSI transport Layer <-> TCP/IP
Layer cibiyar sadarwa na OSI <-> Layer network TCP/IP
OSI data mahada Layer da jiki Layer <-> TCP/IP mahada Layer
Don haka, tsarin OSI mai Layer bakwai yana ba da jagora mai mahimmanci don haɗin gwiwar na'urori da tsarin sadarwa ta hanyar rarraba dukkan bangarorin sadarwar cibiyar sadarwa a fili. Fahimtar wannan ƙirar ba wai kawai yana taimakawa masu gudanar da hanyar sadarwa ba ne kawai don magance matsala ba, har ma yana kafa tushen bincike da zurfin bincike na fasahar sadarwar. Ina fatan cewa ta wannan gabatarwar, zaku iya fahimta da amfani da samfurin OSI da zurfi sosai.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-24-2025
