A cikin yanayin sadarwa mai sarkakiya, mai sauri, kuma wanda galibi ake ɓoyewa a yau, samun cikakken gani yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga tsaro, sa ido kan aiki, da bin ƙa'idodi.Dillalan Fakitin Sadarwa (NPBs)sun samo asali daga masu haɗa TAP masu sauƙi zuwa dandamali masu wayo, masu mahimmanci don sarrafa yawan bayanai na zirga-zirga da kuma tabbatar da cewa kayan aikin sa ido da tsaro suna aiki yadda ya kamata. Ga cikakken bayani game da muhimman yanayin aikace-aikacen su da mafita:
Matsala ta Musamman: Maganin NPBs:
Cibiyoyin sadarwa na zamani suna samar da cunkoso mai yawa. Haɗa kayan aikin tsaro da sa ido masu mahimmanci (IDS/IPS, NPM/APM, DLP, binciken laifuka) kai tsaye zuwa hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo (ta hanyar tashoshin SPAN ko TAPs) ba shi da inganci kuma sau da yawa ba zai yiwu ba saboda:
1. Yawan Kayan Aiki: Kayan aiki suna cika da cunkoson ababen hawa marasa amfani, jefar da fakiti da kuma barazanar da suka ɓace.
2. Rashin Ingantaccen Kayan Aiki: Kayan aiki suna ɓatar da albarkatu wajen sarrafa bayanai iri ɗaya ko waɗanda ba dole ba.
3. Tsarin Halitta Mai Rikici: Cibiyoyin sadarwa da aka rarraba (Cibiyoyin Bayanai, Girgije, Ofisoshin Reshe) suna sa sa ido a tsakiya ya zama ƙalubale.
4. Tabo Masu Rufewa: Kayan aiki ba za su iya duba zirga-zirgar da aka ɓoye ba (SSL/TLS) ba tare da ɓoyewa ba.
5. Albarkatun SPAN Masu Iyaka: Tashoshin jiragen ruwa na SPAN suna amfani da albarkatun sauyawa kuma galibi ba sa iya ɗaukar cikakken zirga-zirgar layin.
Maganin NPB: Sulhu Mai Hankali da Harkokin Zirga-zirga
NPBs suna tsakanin tashoshin sadarwa na TAPs/SPAN da kayan aikin sa ido/tsaro. Suna aiki a matsayin "'yan sanda masu hankali," suna yin aiki:
1. Tarawa: Haɗa zirga-zirga daga hanyoyin haɗi da yawa (na zahiri, na kama-da-wane) zuwa hanyoyin haɗin kai.
2. Tacewa: Zaɓin tura zirga-zirgar da ta dace kawai zuwa takamaiman kayan aiki bisa ga sharuɗɗa (IP/MAC, VLAN, yarjejeniya, tashar jiragen ruwa, aikace-aikace).
3. Daidaita Load: Rarraba zirga-zirgar ababen hawa daidai gwargwado a cikin misalai da yawa na kayan aiki iri ɗaya (misali, na'urori masu auna IDS da aka haɗa) don daidaitawa da juriya.
4. Kwafi: A kawar da kwafin fakiti iri ɗaya da aka kama akan hanyoyin haɗin da ba a saba gani ba.
5. Yankan Fakiti: Rage fakiti (cire nauyin da ake buƙata) yayin da ake adana kanun labarai, rage yawan bandwidth zuwa kayan aikin da ke buƙatar metadata kawai.
6. Buɗe SSL/TLS: Katse zaman ɓoyewa (ta amfani da maɓallai), gabatar da zirga-zirgar rubutu mai tsabta zuwa kayan aikin dubawa, sannan sake ɓoyewa.
7. Kwafi/Yaɗawa da yawa: Aika zirga-zirga iri ɗaya zuwa kayan aiki da yawa a lokaci guda.
8. Ci gaba da Sarrafawa: Cire bayanai na metadata, samar da kwarara, yin tambarin lokaci, ɓoye bayanai masu mahimmanci (misali, PII).
Nemi nan don ƙarin bayani game da wannan samfurin:
Mylinking™ Mai Dillalin Fakitin Sadarwa (NPB) ML-NPB-3440L
16*10/100/1000M RJ45, 16*1/10GE SFP+, 1*40G QSFP da 1*40G/100G QSFP28, Matsakaicin 320Gbps
Cikakkun Yanayi da Magani na Aikace-aikace:
1. Inganta Kula da Tsaro (IDS/IPS, NGFW, Threat Intel):
○ Yanayi: Kayan aikin tsaro sun cika da yawan zirga-zirgar Gabas-Yamma a cibiyar bayanai, suna jefar da fakiti da kuma barazanar motsi a gefe. Ɓoye zirga-zirgar da aka ɓoye yana ɓoye munanan ayyuka.
○ Maganin NPB:Jimlar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa daga hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo masu mahimmanci a cikin DC.
* A yi amfani da matattara masu girman gaske don aika sassan zirga-zirga da ake zargi kawai (misali, tashoshin jiragen ruwa marasa tsari, takamaiman ƙananan hanyoyin sadarwa) zuwa ga IDS.
* Daidaiton kaya a cikin tarin na'urori masu auna IDS.
* Yi fassarar SSL/TLS kuma aika zirga-zirgar rubutu mai tsabta zuwa dandamalin IDS/Treat Intel don zurfafa bincike.
* Rage zirga-zirgar ababen hawa daga hanyoyin da ba su da yawa.Sakamako:Babban ƙimar gano barazana, rage rashin gaskiya, da ingantaccen amfani da albarkatun IDS.
2. Inganta Kulawa da Aiki (NPM/APM):
○ Yanayi: Kayan aikin Kula da Ayyukan Cibiyar sadarwa suna fama da daidaita bayanai daga ɗaruruwan hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo da aka watsar (WAN, ofisoshin reshe, girgije). Cikakken ɗaukar fakiti don APM yana da tsada sosai kuma yana da matuƙar amfani da bandwidth.
○ Maganin NPB:
* Jimlar zirga-zirga daga TAPs/SPANs da aka watsar a yankin zuwa wani masana'anta mai tsakiya ta NPB.
* Tace zirga-zirgar ababen hawa don aika kwararar aikace-aikace kawai (misali, VoIP, SaaS mai mahimmanci) zuwa kayan aikin APM.
* Yi amfani da yanke fakiti don kayan aikin NPM waɗanda galibi ke buƙatar bayanai kan lokaci na kwarara/ma'amala (kanun labarai), suna rage yawan amfani da bandwidth sosai.
* Kwafi kwararar ma'aunin aiki masu mahimmanci zuwa kayan aikin NPM da APM.Sakamako:Cikakken ra'ayi, mai alaƙa da aikin, rage farashin kayan aiki, rage yawan amfani da bandwidth.
3. Ganuwa ta Gajimare (Na Jama'a/Na Masu Zaman Kansu/Na Haɗaka):
○ Yanayi: Rashin damar shiga TAP na asali a cikin gajimare na jama'a (AWS, Azure, GCP). Wahala wajen kamawa da kuma jagorantar zirga-zirgar injin/kwantena ta kama-da-wane zuwa kayan aikin tsaro da sa ido.
○ Maganin NPB:
* Sanya NPBs na kama-da-wane (vNPBs) a cikin yanayin gajimare.
* vNPBs suna matsa zirga-zirgar maɓallan kama-da-wane (misali, ta hanyar ERSPAN, VPC Traffic Mirroring).
* Tace, tattarawa, da kuma daidaita nauyin zirga-zirgar gajimare ta Gabas-Yamma da Arewa-Kudu.
* Yi amfani da na'urorin NPB na zahiri ko kayan aikin sa ido na girgije don kiyaye zirga-zirgar ababen hawa masu dacewa.
* Haɗa kai da ayyukan gani na asali na gajimare.Sakamako:Daidaito da kuma sa ido kan yanayin tsaro a duk faɗin mahalli masu haɗaka, tare da shawo kan iyakokin gani ga girgije.
4. Hana Asarar Bayanai (DLP) da Bin Dokoki:
○ Yanayi: Kayan aikin DLP suna buƙatar duba zirga-zirgar ababen hawa daga waje don samun bayanai masu mahimmanci (PII, PCI) amma suna cike da zirga-zirgar cikin gida marasa dacewa. Bin ƙa'ida yana buƙatar sa ido kan takamaiman kwararar bayanai da aka tsara.
○ Maganin NPB:
* Tace zirga-zirgar ababen hawa don aika kwararar fita kawai (misali, wanda aka yi niyya don intanet ko takamaiman abokan hulɗa) zuwa injin DLP.
* A yi amfani da duba fakiti mai zurfi (DPI) a kan NPB don gano kwararar da ke ɗauke da nau'ikan bayanai da aka tsara kuma a ba su fifiko don kayan aikin DLP.
* Rufe bayanai masu mahimmanci (misali, lambobin katin kiredit) a cikin fakitikafinaika zuwa ga kayan aikin sa ido marasa mahimmanci don yin rajistar bin ƙa'idodi.Sakamako:Ingantaccen aikin DLP, rage alamun ƙarya, ingantaccen binciken bin ƙa'idodi, haɓaka sirrin bayanai.
5. Binciken Yanar Gizo da Shirya Matsaloli:
○ Yanayi: Gano matsalar aiki mai rikitarwa ko keta doka yana buƙatar cikakken kama fakiti (PCAP) daga wurare da yawa akan lokaci. Fara kamawa da hannu yana da jinkiri; adana komai ba shi da amfani.
○ Maganin NPB:
* NPBs na iya kiyaye zirga-zirga akai-akai (bisa ƙimar layi).
* Saita abubuwan da ke haifar da matsala (misali, takamaiman yanayin kuskure, ƙaruwar zirga-zirga, faɗakarwar barazana) akan NPB don ɗaukar zirga-zirgar da ta dace zuwa na'urar kama fakiti da aka haɗa ta atomatik.
* A tace zirga-zirgar da aka aika zuwa na'urar kamawa kafin a adana ta kafin a adana ta kawai.
* Maimaita kwararar zirga-zirga mai mahimmanci zuwa na'urar kamawa ba tare da yin tasiri ga kayan aikin samarwa ba.Sakamako:Saurin matsakaicin lokaci-zuwa-matsakaicin lokacin-don-warwarewa (MTTR) don katsewa/saɓawa, kamawa da aka yi niyya ga masu bincike, da rage farashin ajiya.
Sharuɗɗan Aiwatarwa & Magani:
○Ƙarfin Ma'auni: Zaɓi NPBs masu isasshen yawan tashoshin jiragen ruwa da kuma ƙarfin fitarwa (1/10/25/40/100GbE+) don kula da zirga-zirgar yanzu da ta gaba. Chassis na zamani galibi yana ba da mafi kyawun ma'auni. NPBs na kama-da-wane suna girma a cikin gajimare.
○Juriya: Aiwatar da NPBs masu sake amfani (haɗin HA) da hanyoyin da ba su sake amfani da su zuwa kayan aiki ba. Tabbatar da daidaitawar yanayi a cikin saitunan HA. Yi amfani da daidaita nauyin NPB don juriyar kayan aiki.
○Gudanarwa & Aiki da Kai: Na'urorin sarrafawa na tsakiya suna da mahimmanci. Nemi APIs (RESTful, NETCONF/YANG) don haɗawa da dandamalin shiryawa (Ansible, Puppet, Chef) da tsarin SIEM/SOAR don canje-canjen manufofi masu ƙarfi bisa ga faɗakarwa.
○Tsaro: Kare hanyar sadarwa ta NPB. Kula da damar shiga sosai. Idan kana karanta zirga-zirgar ababen hawa, tabbatar da tsauraran manufofin sarrafa maɓalli da kuma hanyoyin tsaro don canja wurin maɓalli. Yi la'akari da ɓoye bayanai masu mahimmanci.
○Haɗa Kayan Aiki: Tabbatar cewa NPB tana goyan bayan haɗin kayan aiki da ake buƙata (hanyoyin sadarwa na zahiri/kama-da-wane, ladabi). Tabbatar da dacewa da takamaiman buƙatun kayan aiki.
Don haka,Dillalan Fakitin Cibiyar sadarwaBa su da wani zaɓi na jin daɗi; su ne muhimman abubuwan more rayuwa don cimma ganuwa ta hanyar sadarwa a wannan zamani. Ta hanyar tattara bayanai, tacewa, daidaita kaya, da sarrafa zirga-zirga cikin hikima, NPBs suna ƙarfafa kayan aikin tsaro da sa ido don yin aiki a mafi girman inganci da inganci. Suna rushe silos na gani, shawo kan ƙalubalen girma da ɓoye bayanai, kuma a ƙarshe suna samar da tsabtar da ake buƙata don tabbatar da cibiyoyin sadarwa, tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki, cika umarnin bin ƙa'idodi, da kuma magance matsaloli cikin sauri. Aiwatar da dabarun NPB mai ƙarfi mataki ne mai mahimmanci don gina hanyar sadarwa mai sauƙin gani, aminci, da juriya.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuli-07-2025
